![]() Considering these aspects, the mmMAGIC project (a European research project 5) as well as the 3GPP identified key performance indicators (KPIs) for the NR waveform design and evaluated the candidate waveforms for these KPIs. Key characteristics of 5G NR include large channel bandwidths, extreme data rates, ultra-reliability and low latency requirements, harsh propagation conditions, severe RF impairments, massive number of antennas, small sized base stations, and mainly TDD deployments. In such circumstances, it would not be possible to deliver critical smart grid data or commands unless prioritization of data or a backup network is implemented. Communication outages are known to occur during natural disasters or terrorist attacks even without the additional data load of the smart grid. The drawback of cellular networks is their poor performance under emergency conditions. Besides utilization of cellular networks in the smart grid domains, the PHEV charging infrastructure can also use cellular networks. will be using Verizon’s and T-Mobile’s infrastructures, respectively, to provide cellular connectivity for smart meters. Furthermore, cellular communications have advanced security mechanisms.īy the introduction of LTE and LTE-A, cellular networks will be capable of carrying the high volume of smart meter data, in addition to the data of phasor measurement units (PMUs). Using cellular communications is advantageous since it has almost no initial cost and the data are transmitted from the readily available infrastructure. Some transmission line monitoring equipment has the ability to send measurements and alarms over the cellular network. The relaying concept of LTE.Ĭellular communications have been already employed by the utilities for power grid asset monitoring. For high mobility applications, peak data rates will be around 100 Mbps in LTE-A.įigure 25.10. Note that these data rates are expected to be valid for low mobility. On the other hand, with 70 MHz channel bandwidth and 4x4 MIMO antennas, LTE-A’s targeted peak downlink transmission rate is 1 Gbps and the uplink transmission rate is 500 Mbps. The peak data rates for LTE are around 300 Mbps at the downlink and 80 Mbps at the uplink with 20 MHz channel bandwidth and 4 × 4 MIMO antennas. The rest is specific to certain countries/regions. The 450–470 MHz band and the 2.3–2.4 GHz band are reserved for global use. Some of the above frequency bands will be used only in certain countries and regions while some of them are allocated for global use as indicated above.
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